What is hypertension?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a serious condition that affects 50 million Americans—one in four adults. Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of arteries. High blood pressure is dangerous because it makes the heart work harder to pump blood to the body and it contributes to hardening of the arteries or atherosclerosis. A normal blood pressure is less than 130/85.High blood pressure is 140/90 or higher. If your blood pressure is between 120/80 and 140/90, then you have prehypertension. High blood pressure increases your chance (or risk) for getting heart disease and/or kidney disease, and for having a stroke. Hypertension is often called the silent killer. It is especially dangerous because it often has no warning signs or symptoms.

What causes hypertension or high blood pressure?

Although the causes are not always known, high blood pressure often runs in families which indicate a strong genetic component.
Risk factors for high blood pressure include smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, a high salt intake, lack of exercise and stress – and a family history of hypertension and stroke.
Arteriosclerosis, or a thickening, hardening and narrowing of the walls of the arteries is also often associated with high blood pressure.

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